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Industry News

Industry News

2024-04-25

The export process of FCL (non-dangerous goods) by sea is as follows:


Solicitation → Inquiry → Booking → acceptance of consignment application → booking confirmation → Loading → release of empty containers → Packing → Entry → Border inspection → Declaration → Inspection → Customs declaration → stowage (loading plan) → Examination of bill of lading → Confirmation of fees → Payment of all fees → Signing → Demand payment from the owner → confirmation and payment by the owner → Commercial invoice → Release of documents/Telex release/SEAWA YBILL


(1) Solicitation → inquiry → Booking → Acceptance of shipping application → booking confirmation

First, the salesman solicits goods, accept the owner of the inquiry during the inquiry should ask the owner of some categories of information, such as: 1, the consignor 2, the consignee 3, the notior 4, the name (English and Chinese) 5, destination port, transit port 6, container type container quantity, overweight container special description (if it is a special cabinet, you need to detail the size of the goods, length * width * height, gross weight, volume, etc., sometimes also need more detailed cargo loading order, and the layout diagram.) The maximum volume of each type is: (length * width * height) can be loaded volume, Available weight 1×20 'GP=31CBM 6*2.38*2.38 25 17MT 1×40' GP=67CBM 12*2.38*2.38 55 25MT 1×40 'HC=76CBM 12*2.7*2.38 1×45' GP=86CBM GP general purpose box; CBM cubic metre; CBM cubic metre; MT metric ton; Mt metric ton; HC high cubic high box) 7, dangerous goods, frozen cargo special instructions 8, shipping time (whether there is a letter of credit requirements) 9, stowage requirements (ship certificate, etc.) 10, the date and mode of delivery of the goods 11, freight settlement method (prepayment, arrival amount), Whether the third place payment is made 12, whether the shipowner is designated 13, whether there is a requirement to apply for the destination port of N days free container period


14. Whether it is MB/L or HB/L when the bill of lading is issued, and whether it is signed in a third place


2, the line supervisor according to the salesman's requirements to the shipping company inquiry, strive to apply for a lower price for the owner to choose. (I) If booking space directly with the owner, the following points should be noted: 1, whether the ship owner has received the port of destination mentioned by the owner 2, whether it can receive the overweight container 3, is it a direct ship or a transit ship, where the transit 4, a few days to arrive at the port of destination 5, the voyage to the dock (Xiamen Haitian, Xiangyu, International trade, off-island international container, Songyu, Hailun,) 6, the voyage space is tight, (ii) If you are the designated owner, you can book the space through a second freight forwarder if necessary (such as lower freight rate), but in addition to the same points as the owner, you should also confirm the following aspects before booking: 1. Should I change the SHIPPER or other materials when issuing the bill of lading? 2. Can I apply for a free container period of N days at the destination port if required by the owner? 3. Is it MB/L or HB/L4 when the bill of lading is issued? Can shipping space be guaranteed? (The above only applies to FREIGHT PREPAID)

Third, the route supervisor and the owner/freight forwarder negotiate the freight rate, and the owner accepts the salesman's quotation, sign the export goods agent power of attorney S/O (booking manifest), the salesman can book the space, to the document department print a non-format shipping order, and mark the shipping date, freight, container type and container quantity, and the special requirements of the owner, our company booking person telephone, fax, etc. After the delivery of the shipping documents, we can urge the shipowner to confirm the booking. At the same time, the salesman fills in the complete company business cover, and marks the cost amount of each expense clearly.


Iv. After obtaining the booking confirmation from the shipowner, the line supervisor shall fill in the bill of lading number, ship name and voyage on the cover and hand it over to the OP for operation.


1. Due to the owner's request to change to the next voyage, the confirmation of the original booking will be sent back to the ship owner to return the ticket and re-book the shipping space of the next voyage. If the freight rate changes, the salesman shall be informed in time and the owner shall negotiate. 2. If the owner requires to apply for a 10-14 days free container period at the port of destination, contact the owner to determine the specific days N for which the free container period can be applied, and issue an application for the N-days free container period at the port of destination (with the official seal of the SHIPPER on the bill of lading), and FAX it to the owner. Then they apply to the port of destination until the confirmation. 3, non-dangerous description If the name of the goods is chemical goods, but not dangerous goods, and the shipowner has the requirement, the non-dangerous goods description shall be issued and the SHIPPER seal shall be affixed to the bill of lading. 4. After container pickup, the owner shall change the ship or request to change the ship to return the ship to the owner with the original booking confirmation, book the space again, get the new booking confirmation, and issue a container application to the owner with the official seal of the freight agent. Ship name and voyage with original information (MV.) , Bill of Lading number (OB/L), port of departure/Port of destination (POL/POD), Container number/container type (CNTR#) need to set the container to the new ship name voyage, new bill of lading number.


(2) Discharge → Release of empty containers → packing → Approach → border inspection


First, load

1, OP according to the information provided by the owner to brush out the container cargo shipping list (list), a total of nine copies of the list:


The first: owner of the record


The second copy: the ship agent keeps the bottom (stamped with the booking freight forwarding business seal and the code of the owner's shipping agency)


Third: Freight notice

Fourth: Freight notice

Fifth copy: Suitcase application form (with booking freight forwarding business seal)

Sixth: Packing list, copy of terminal receipt (stamp the terminal approach seal after the container enters the terminal)

Sixth appendix: Application for payment of port charges for export goods (indicating the cost of yard loading or towing to facilitate collection from the owner and financial reconciliation)

Seventh: Depot receipt copy, big associate copy

Eighth: station receipt

Ninth link: Freight forwarder keeps the bottom (with booking freight forwarding business seal)


2. If the goods to be exported are food, when printing the manifest, print the sixth copy of the manifest stamped with the dock approach seal, fill in the arrival date, and fax it to the customs broker in exchange for the customs clearance.


3. Booking confirmation


Take the shipping list 2~9 and confirm the booking and send it to each shipping agency for shipping

After the shipping agent receives the second copy, and affix the copy of the shipping document stamp on the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth copies.


◆ In addition


A. CoSCO online booking, verbally confirm the freight rate with the owner, log in the company's user name and password on the COsco website, record the contents of the booking order, etc., and mark the phone number, fax and "pre-loan 6, 7, 8" in the additional instructions. After delivery, the ship will be reviewed before allocation. After allocation, the confirmed booking list can be printed directly without scheduling.


B, SITC booking operations are more different:


▲ Japan Line can make up the bill of lading number according to the arrangement of bill of lading number given to us by SITC SALES, and make 1~9 copies of the consignment list and the shipping list according to the ship name and voyage on the shipping schedule, which does not require SITC's booking confirmation. However, it is necessary to FAX the shipping list 1 to SITC for booking. SITC will inform you otherwise if space is not available.


▲ For other routes, if the ship is not SITC, SITC will send the booking confirmation and should be discharged to the feeder ship owner. If it is a SITC vessel, it is directly discharged!


2. Pick up empty container loading and enter for border inspection


Ⅰ, drag loading

① Fifth copy of the shipping list (with booking forwarding business seal)

② Confirmation of booking

①+② Obtained from the shipping agent

③ Packing list (freezer to two packing list/cabinet, to indicate the temperature and freezer label "12F) Haicang pier free packing list


(4) The receipt of the trailer, indicating the time, place, contact person, telephone number of the trailer (if the SHIPPER has special requirements, such as 20 frames must be installed, food needs to be inspected, wood products need to be fumigated, etc., should also be informed.)


⑤ After the equipment is handed over to the designated storage yard


According to ④ to the shipper's designated place of loading, the container arrived, by the owner of the container, sealed the seal, and then by the trailer company with ③+⑤ to drag the container into the dock


⑥ Six attached pages are left as the port fee settlement copy


** OP track the situation of the trailer, obtain the container number and seal, and check with the owner, especially when several consignors are issued by one owner, it must be checked correctly with the owner. In addition, after the arrival of the container, you can also log in the portal website of the terminal to check the owner, container type, seal, etc.


Ii. Field outfit


① Inform the storage yard to arrange the loading plan in advance, determine the loading time with the owner, and fax a copy of the loading plan to the owner (attach the phone fax of the OP)


② Obtain the equipment delivery form


③ Before the owner transports the goods to the storage yard, the storage yard should hang the cabinets


④ Fill in the field installation plan, indicating the loading time, contact person, and telephone number (If the SHIPPER has special requirements, such as 20 frames must be installed, food needs to be inspected, wood products need to be fumigated, etc., should also be informed.)


⑤ If the site is loaded, the owner should verify whether the goods have been filled and the container can be towed to the dock.


⑥ If the container can enter, obtain the container number and seal and check with the terminal.


ⅲ. After the container enters the port, arrange for the field staff to seal the approach stamp at the terminal (the sixth copy of the cover list).


3. Border inspection


1, if the ship is directly bound for the United States, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan must fill in the border inspection form within two days before the departure to the border checkpoint, after release together with the released 6, 7, 8 to the dock.


2, if the border inspection (almost the same as the customs practice), but if the field can go to the storage yard to find the tally stamp, and then go to the border station release.


Fourth, special requirements for containers


1, cabinet inspection cabinet (general export goods for food only need), should inform the co-inspectors as soon as possible to estimate the time of towing or field loading, fax the loading list in order to arrange the cabinet inspection plan. Container inspection takes about half a working day, the co-inspectors fill in (including the following valid contents: inspection number, box number, specification, temperature, inspection and assessment, co-inspectors' signature, inspector's signature, and stamped with the official seal of the freight agent) to the commodity Inspection Bureau to apply to the designated storage yard self-inspection qualified container for container load inspection. After passing the inspection, the commodity Inspection Bureau will issue the People's Republic of China entry-exit inspection and quarantine container inspection and quarantine certificate (referred to as the cabinet inspection certificate), the original of which will be handed to the customs broker in exchange for the customs clearance, the copy stamped with "this joint for the inspection and quarantine of the origin of the container and archival purposes", and the clerk will return to the owner. After the container inspection list in the number is issued, the co-inspectors fill in the cargo registration form of outbound container loading, review and seal it and send it to the Commodity Inspection Bureau for verification and cancellation.


(2) If the goods are wood products or goods shipped to Europe and other countries using wooden pallets and wooden packaging, they should be fumigated, which is the requirement of the port of destination. Before fumigation, first determine whether the goods of the owner are ready, and prepare for fumigation in advance by hauling cabinets or field loading.


Fumigation materials required are:


① Declaration of Wood Packaging Materials for goods exported to Europe (Official seal)


② Letter of authorization for inspection (official seal)


③ A letter of guarantee for inspection issued by the owner (official seal)


④ Goods invoice (official seal)


⑤ Packing list (official seal)


⑥ If the outer package of the goods is wet due to weather reasons, it may lead to unclear labeling, and because the delivery time is urgent, it is necessary to affix the labeling and fumigation within the specified time, so issue a letter of guarantee for fumigation.


* After the materials are handed over to the customs broker, the customs broker will make an appointment to the commodity Inspection Bureau for fumigation. The fumigation time is 24 hours, and the fumigation certificate issued by the commodity Inspection Bureau will be obtained after fumigation. Due to the longer fumigation time, the entry, declaration and customs declaration can be made after the release of air, so arrangements should be made in advance.


5. Methods for handling emergencies


1. Establish customer code application form


If the owner does not have the customer code in the shipping agency, please fill in the application for establishing the customer code, affix the official seal of the SHIPPER on the shipping list, and apply for adding the code to the shipping agency.


2. The owner changes the container type and quantity after loading


Change of ship name, voyage, bill of lading number, container owner, container type, size, number of containers, etc., first to the export loading department to confirm the change, then to the container control department to handle the corresponding change procedures. Change the pick-up and return location, directly to the container management department.


3. Unload


(1) A booking fee of ¥50 will be charged for all the cargo after loading.


(2) If you do not pick up the container at the storage yard after receiving the equipment delivery form, you need to take the full set of equipment delivery form to the ship agent for return


(3) If the cargo is unloaded for some reason and the heavy container has not entered the dock after the container is picked up, the approach contact with the equipment delivery form shall go through the unloading procedures at the shipping agent's office, and return the empty container to the designated storage yard in time. After the empty container is returned without permission, it is not allowed to use other tickets for export or detention without authorization (use other tickets requires a set of container guarantee). Otherwise, the resulting misuse of containers, losses and related expenses will be borne by the responsible party.


4. When picking up the cabinet, there is no trailer to drag the cabinet


(1) Contact the owner first to see if the towing time can be postponed slightly


(2) If the time is urgent, temporarily arrange another trailer company to drag the cabinet to delay the entry


5. When the trailer goes to the storage yard to pick up the container, the storage yard does not have the required container


A. Contact the shipowner immediately and ask if there are containers of the shipowner in other storage yards


B, to the shipping agency to change the equipment delivery form (normal working hours)


C, if it is not normal working hours:

① After the shipowner confirms the storage yard where the container is located, issue a container loan confirmation


② The borrowing forwarder fills in the borrowing guarantee letter and affires the forwarder seal. (Show the type and quantity of the container and the owner) If it is a freezer, the vent and temperature should also be described; If the container is checked, the container that passes the check is directly invoked.


6. After picking up the container, the owner requested to postpone one voyage because the goods could not be ready


If the export time is delayed after the container has been picked up, the container use time should be reasonably arranged according to the shipping company's shipping schedule, if the free container use period provided by the shipping company is exceeded, the container overstay fee will be levied in accordance with the relevant provisions.


7, due to the owner of the cargo too late to enter on time, apply for delayed entry


Timely contact with the owner, and inform the estimated time of entry, the owner to the customs supervision of the port application, and attach the delayed entry application indicating the name of the vessel, voyage, bill of lading number, case number, port of discharge, place of delivery, etc. (stamped with freight agent seal)


(3) Declaration → Inspection → Customs declaration → stowage (shipping plan)


Declaration (check information → Declare) at the same time of loading should be called for customs declaration information, in order to timely declaration. Always pay attention to the time of interception approach, interception bid, interception customs declaration and interception release. Customs documents are: 1. Necessary documents: ① Invoice of goods (official seal) ② Packing list of goods (official seal) ③ Letter of authorization for customs declaration (official seal) White Union retained by Customs, Yellow Union retained by the client (customs broker) Red Union retained by the client (owner) ④ Verification of export receipts Stub + verification form + export tax rebate special ⑤ contract (general trade only) ⑥ Customs clearance (commodity inspection) 2, other documents (if any, need to provide) : ① Export license ② Duty-free certificate ③ Commodity inspection Certificate ④ Certificate of Origin ⑤ Copy of Letter of credit *OP After obtaining customs declaration information, it should be checked with the previous scheduling information to check whether there are changes, if there are changes, it should fill in the change before sailing, and re-print a new scheduling list 2, 6, 7, 8, 9 and packing list for declaration. ** If the cargo space is booked by a second forwarder, the forwarder will be responsible for shipping. After shipping, the forwarder will transfer the shipping list 5, 6, 7 and 8 copies, and attach a blank pre-sailing change (freight forwarder seal) and a blank shipping list 2 and 9 copies (freight forwarder seal) for declaration. (2) Newly printed copies of (2), (6), (7), (8), (9) for customs declaration (printed container number and seal) (3) changed before sailing (freight forwarder seal) (4) Correct packing list (container number and seal)? ? ? ? If there is no change in the list information at the time of declaration, the updated 2,6,7,8,9 joint and pre-sailing changes are not required.


At this time, the shipping agent will receive the 2nd and 9th copies, and affix the special declaration seal on the 6th and 8th copies


(2) Inspection is to obtain the export goods due to the requirements of customs supervision when the customs clearance needs to be provided by the entry-exit inspection and quarantine Bureau after the goods have been inspected and agreed to export customs clearance. 1, if the export commodities for the state regulations need to do commodity inspection of the goods, the need for the owner to provide the relevant documents for inspection. The customs broker shall provide the consignor's invoice, packing list, sales contract, container inspection report, power of attorney for inspection and a copy of the loading list stamped, and entrust the customs broker to handle the formalities of changing the customs clearance. At the time of declaration, the declaration form must be submitted to the customs together with the declaration documents. 2, inspection encountered customs clearance inspection (technical inspection/random inspection), must pass the customs agent to the commodity inspection Bureau to make an appointment for inspection. The inspected goods do not need to enter the dock, as long as the goods are loaded, there can be on-site inspection directly with the commodity inspection Bureau inspector to the scene inspection. At this time, the inspection is mainly for the packaging performance of the goods and the production lot number. After the inspection is OK, you can exchange the customs clearance documents.

3. If the foreign cargo owner needs to apply for inspection in the building export, the replacement certificate issued by the local epidemic Inspection Bureau shall be applied for inspection in the building.


1. After the declaration, the 6,7,8 copies and customs declaration information will be forwarded to the customs broker for customs declaration.

2, the customs broker with the complete set of customs information forwarded by the OP, first issued the declaration, and the declaration pre-entry. The declaration data are entered into the electronic computer, and the customs can submit the relevant declaration documents to the customs after receiving them.


Iv. Stowage (shipping plan)


After the cargo is released, it shall be promptly sent to the dock for stowing. The second link is generally operated by the customs broker, who sends the 6,7,8 copies stamped with the "Customs release stamp" to the dock stowing room. After receiving it, the port will stamp on the eighth copy, return it to the customs broker, and forward it to the freight forwarder for use when signing the bill of lading. The 6 and 7 copies will be left behind. The seventh copy is transferred from the dock to the first mate of the exporting ship as the basis for stowing the ship, while the sixth copy is handed over to the forwarder for record after the ship leaves.


1, due to the owner of the storm, the goods are dumped (1) The owner is always out of their own consideration, in the booking of space to confirm a few more space to the booking agent, in order to prevent the shipper to return the load, so that the voyage is not fully loaded. The tank is not dumped until it cannot bear the load after the explosion. (2) After the storm, the shipowner promptly informed the company's line supervisor that the container was dumped. Under normal circumstances, the shipowner will entrust a customs broker to do a unified load change, each shipowner has different requirements, depending on the specific situation. (3) OP to the document department to make new 6,7,8 and packing list according to the new ship name and voyage (4) After loading the new 6,7, 8 in tandem, use the old 8 to the dock to replace the old 6,7,8 (5) Use the new 6,7, 8 to seal the approach seal (6) Finally, the old 6, 7, 8 and the new 6, 7, 8 to make a unified loading change. In general, it is not allowed to change the data again, if you need to change, you should present a letter of guarantee with the official seal of freight forwarder, indicating the shipper, bill of lading number, ship name and voyage, sailing date and old and new data. 3, the shipping agent has stopped the loading, and the goods urgently need to export to issue a letter of guarantee to the shipping agent (stamped with the official seal of the freight agent) to the customs broker for handling, you can arrange the loading, declaration, customs declaration at the same time. 4, the goods exceed the port of destination weight, can not enter the ship issued a letter of guarantee to the owner to explain all consequences by the freight forwarder, and stamped with the official seal of the freight forwarder. 5, the port of departure and the location of the container are in two different areas within the island or outside the island, which has a crucial impact on the cost of trailers, pay attention to the generation of new tolls. 6. The container has been entered, but due to special reasons, the heavy container needs to go out and enter the dock after entering the dock. For some reasons, it must be moved out of the dock for processing and re-entering the dock exit, or moved to another dock exit.


(4) Review the bill of lading → the shipowner confirms the fee → advance purchase payment → Pay all fees → sign the bill


What is a bill of lading


1. A bill of lading is a document used to prove a contract of carriage of goods by sea and that the goods have been taken over or loaded by the carrier and that the carrier has secured delivery of the goods. It is the receipt of the goods by the consignee.


2. Contents of Bill of Lading:

① Ship's name and voyage

② Bill of Lading number

③ Name of carrier

④ Consignor

⑤ Consignee

⑥ Notifier

⑦ Loading port, unloading port and transshipment port

⑧ Name, mark, packing, number of pieces, weight and volume of the goods

⑨ Terms of payment of freight

⑩ Date, place and number of copies of bill of lading


*** The most important thing is the signature or seal of the carrier or its authorized person


Ii. Review documents


1. Check and change the bill of lading must be handled before the time specified by the shipowner to avoid unnecessary change costs.


2. To issue bill of lading or telex release, it is necessary to go to the shipowner or the designated shipping agent for handling. At the same time, the eighth and related letter of guarantee must be prepared, as well as the bank payment memo of the payment of each project cost (the sea freight USD can be paid only when the advance purchase of the guarantee is issued and the payment of Huiunion). At the same time, you can also issue an invoice of the paid expenses against the memo and submit it to the financial accounting. Third, order collection, telex release, SEAWAYBILL


1. First of all, we should go to the customs broker in time to retrieve the eighth joint with the dock seal after the release.


2, with the fourth copy to the shipping agent to pay the documentation fee, if it is prepaid, when the owner of freight has paid the water memo (the original of the city, the non-city can be a copy of the freight forwarder's guarantee) and the fourth copy of the freight invoice.


3. Receipt (MASTER B/C)

① To get the bill of lading is to take the eighth joint and document fee invoice, freight invoice (business) to the ship agent to issue the bill of lading

② If the content of the bill of lading is different from the information in the eighth copy or some special content needs to be displayed on the bill of lading (such as non-wood packaging displayed on B/L, ALSO NOTFY CLEAN BOARD) and ship certificate, etc.), the owner should be asked to present the original letter of guarantee on behalf of the shipper, and let the owner confirm and agree, plus the freight forwarder's letter of guarantee to sign the bill of lading.


(3) If the shipper allows the backdated bill of lading to provide a letter of guarantee in the format specified by the agent, and must be confirmed by the shipowner and agree to add the freight forwarder's letter of guarantee.

Note: The time for obtaining the bill of lading should wait for the ship to depart, and the chief mate's receipt (seventh copy) will be returned by the ship owner to the ship agent for verification before the ship agent will issue the bill of lading, generally half a day after the ship leaves, but if the ship owner can issue the bill of lading himself, he can issue the change of guarantee after the ship leaves, as long as the owner's.


4. Telex release

In the case that the goods are loaded on board and the shipping company issues the bill of lading, the consignee must produce one properly dulyendorsed original bill of lading (in the case of change of the port of discharge or other special circumstances, usually a full set of original bills of lading)(Note: This is the nature of the bill of lading as a repayable security, that is, the realization of the right to claim delivery on the bill of lading must be subject to the return of the bill of lading, and that all fees payable must also be cleared before the delivery order (D/O) can be obtained at the port of discharge for the delivery of the goods.


When the consignee cannot obtain the bill of lading in time, it is usually the consignee to exchange the certificate of guarantee for the bill of lading after the delivery of the goods (Note: Please distinguish the concept of "guarantee" commonly used in shipping practice and the concept of "guarantee" in the guarantee law). However, the shipping company cannot use a guarantee against a third party (the true consignee holding the bill of lading), since the bill of lading is the document by which the carrier guarantees delivery of the goods. The delivery of the goods to a named person, or in accordance with the instructions of an instructing person, or to the holder of the bill of lading, as contained in the bill of lading, constitutes a guarantee by which the carrier delivers the goods.


In order to make the consignee can not get the bill of lading in time, and the shipping company is not willing to deliver the goods with a guarantee to take delivery of the goods in time, the practice of "telex release" has been produced. What people usually call "telex release" is a narrow concept, that is, the shipper (consignor) will ship the goods to the carrier (or its agent) issued by the full set of original bills of lading returned to the carrier (or its agent), and at the same time designate the consignee (in the case of non-bearer bills of lading); The carrier authorizes (usually by telex, telegram, etc.) its agent at the port of discharge to deliver the goods if the consignee does not issue the original bill of lading (recalled).


Thus, the legal principle of "telex release" is that, in the case of a bill of lading issued by the carrier, the goods can be delivered (or a bill of lading issued) when the bill of lading is recalled. The full set of original bills of lading is recalled as the carrier takes possession of the bill of lading at a place other than the delivery of the goods (port of discharge) (usually at the port of loading) in exceptional circumstances. However, at present, there is no definition of "telex release" in relevant international conventions, laws of various countries (such as China's maritime law) and regulations.

Telex release should be provided by the shipper with a written application or letter of guarantee, in the case of the original bill of lading has been issued, the full set of original bills of lading should be recalled before telex release.

5, SEAWAYBILL: basically equivalent to telex release, but not every destination port allows SEAWAYBILL. (Generally no charge) * With the eighth copy, document fee invoice, sea freight invoice (attachment) in addition to the owner of the original letter of guarantee to the shipowner for the delivery of telex release fee to take the shipowner's telex release notice.


4, payment: 

1: bill settlement: Bill settlement customers should abide by the principle of payment release

2: Monthly settlement: The monthly settlement customer can release the order directly to the customer after sailing.






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